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Romania | bpb.de

Dossier

During the past one hundred years Romania was predominantly a country of emigration, with a rather impressive record regarding the number of persons involved, the outcomes and the varieties of migratory arrangements. Political violence and deprivation generated by a largely ineffective and authoritarian administration were significant causes for flight and emigration for a large number of Romanians during and immediately after the demise of the Communist era. The slow and socially burdensome transition from a centrally planned economy to an effectively functioning market economy (over the past one and a half decades) has provided another impetus for Romanians to search for employment abroad. Emigration, combined with an ageing population, will likely make Romania turn to labour immigration in the future. Here the country will face considerable challenges, from finding a way of managing – and perhaps reversing – the outflow of workers to developing policies for managing the reception and integration of large numbers of immigrants, an area in which it has little experience. (Version from 9/2007)

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Background Information

During the past one hundred years Romania was predominantly a country of emigration, with a rather impressive record regarding the number of persons involved, the outcomes and the varieties of…

István Horváth

/ 2 Minuten zu lesen

Historical Trends in Emigration and Immigration

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries Romania was predominantly a country of emigration. In the wake of territorial changes in the course of the First and Second World Wars, Romania experienced…

István Horváth

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Immigration and Emigration since 1990

Immediately after the fall of the Communist regime, passport administration and international travel were liberalised. Although some measures to curb the international travel were taken during the…

István Horváth

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Citizenship

For foreigners who wish to obtain Romanian citizenship by naturalising, sustained residence is a key requirement. Persons married to Romanian citizens must have resided in Romania continuously for…

István Horváth

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Refuge and Asylum

Throughout the Communist era Romania was a major source of asylum-seekers. This continued in the early 1990s. Romanians represented the second largest group (after citizens of the former Yugoslavia)…

István Horváth

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Irregular Migration

Romania has been, and still is, mainly a source country for irregular migration. During the 1990s, Romania became both a source and a transit country of human trafficking, with victims (including…

István Horváth

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Current Issues

The economic impact of labour migration on Romania has not yet been assessed in comprehensive terms. Beyond the positive economic aspects for households, widespread engagement of Romanians in labour…

István Horváth

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Future Challenges

In the 1990s, Romanian authorities tolerated labour emigration because it functioned as a safety valve, defusing the increasing social tensions generated by the collapse of Communism and the rather…

István Horváth

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References and Further Reading

Here you can find references and further reading for Country Profile 9: "Romania" by István Horváth.

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