Netherlands
Netherlands Lizenz: cc by-nc-nd/2.0/de (bpb)
Country Profile Netherlands, November 2014 Country Profile Netherlands, November 2007 Netherlands Lizenz: cc by-nc-nd/2.0/de (bpb) Country Profile Netherlands, November 2014 Country Profile Netherlands, November 2007 
Evelyn Ersanilli
Introduction
Migrants have been attracted by the relatively high levels of prosperity and religious tolerance in the Netherlands for centuries. Currently, immigrants make up 10.8 percent of the population, and the children of immigrants make up a further 10 percent.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Historical Trends in Immigration and Emigration
For centuries, the relative freedom and wealth of the Netherlands have attracted significant flows of immigrants. Many Huguenots – Protestants from France - and Jews from Southern and Eastern Europe came to the Low Countries.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Immigration Policy
The Netherlands have attracted migrants for centuries. Initially, they were encouraged to maintain their own cultures. Since the 1990s, however, there has been increasing pressure to assimilate into Dutch culture. Successful integration has become a prerequisite to acquire political rights. The electoral success of anti-immigrant parties since the turn of the millennium has fuelled this development.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Immigrant Population
The Netherlands have attracted migrants for centuries. The immigrant population is very heterogeneous.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Integration Policy
The Netherlands have attracted migrants for centuries. Initially, they were encouraged to maintain their own cultures. Since the 1990s, however, there has been increasing pressure to assimilate into Dutch culture. Successful integration has become a prerequisite to acquire political rights. The electoral success of anti-immigrant parties since the turn of the millennium has fuelled this development.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Citizenship
The Netherlands have attracted migrants for centuries. Initially, they were encouraged to maintain their own cultures. Since the 1990s, however, there has been increasing pressure to assimilate into Dutch culture. Successful integration has become a prerequisite to acquire certain rights. This also holds true for citizenship acquisition. Since 2003, applicants for naturalization have to pass a written exam which tests their language proficiency and knowledge of Dutch culture and society.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Immigrant Integration
The Netherlands have attracted migrants for centuries. The immigrant population is very heterogeneous. Population statistics distinguish between autochtonen, that is, native-Dutch people who have two Dutch-born parents, and allochtonen who have at least one foreign-born parent. Immigrants of European (except Turkish), North American, Oceanean, Indonesian or Japanese origin are referred to as western-allochtonen, people from other world regions are called non-western allochtonen.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Irregular Migration
The Netherlands have attracted migrants for centuries. Not all of them reside in the country legally.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Refuge and Asylum
The Netherlands have attracted migrants for centuries. Many of them came voluntarily in search for work, prospects for career advancement or family reunification. Other immigrants, however, were forced to leave their country of origin and came to the Netherlands as asylum seekers.
Evelyn Ersanilli
Current Developments and Future Challenges
The Netherlands have attracted migrants for centuries. Initially, they were encouraged to maintain their own cultures. Since the 1990s, however, there has been increasing pressure to assimilate into Dutch culture. Immigrants' rights have become increasingly conditional on successful integration. Migration for family purposes has been restricted over time. The electoral success of anti-immigrant parties since the turn of the millennium has fuelled this development.
Country profile Netherlands
References and Further Reading
Here you can find references and further reading for Country Profile 11: "Netherlands" by Evelyn Ersanilli.
Kurzdossiers
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