Bangladesh

The Rohingya, a stateless minority in Myanmar, have been persecuted for decades. Almost one million of them live under precarious conditions in exile in Bangladesh. An overview.
Bangladesh has taken enormous steps forward in recent years in terms of human development. Nevertheless, it is still one of the poorest countries in South Asia. Wealth and income are distributed very unevenly among the country's population. At the same time, impacts of climate change endanger the livelihoods of many Bangladeshis.
In Bangladesh, migration is a normal part of everyday life and closely connected to the country's political and economic development. People and goods have been moving throughout the Bengal delta for centuries.
Bangladesh's history is a history of migration. People have been mobile in the Bengal delta region for centuries. Patterns of contemporary labor migration go back to colonial times. Every year, around 500.000 Bangladeshis leave the country to work abroad. Bangladesh's economy depends on the emigrants' remittances.
Bangladesh is rather a country of emigration than a major immigrant destination. As a result, a political framework has been created only for the management of out-migration. The "export" of laborers plays a significant role in Bangladesh’s long-term development strategies. The nation’s migration policies and its governmental institutions hence aim at enhancing the number of Bangladeshi migrant workers and seek to increase and better utilize their remittances.
Bangladesh has a long tradition of sending labor abroad. There are numerous laws and institutions that frame these migration movements and aim at protecting Bangladeshi migrant workers' rights. In contrast to this, immigration is hardly important.
Mobility marks the daily life of many people in Bangladesh. It is a strategy to secure their livelihoods. Annually, hundreds of thousands of Bangladeshis leave to work abroad, but internal migration has also been on the rise in recent years against the backdrop of a growing garments industry.
Bangladesh is among those countries which are most severely affected by the impacts of climate change. Sudden natural disasters and subtle environmental changes endanger the livelihoods of many Bangladeshis who live on agriculture. Migration is a strategy to adapt to these developments.
Here you can find a list of references for the Country Profile "Bangladesh" by Benjamin Etzold and Bishawjit Mallick.
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